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Monthly indicators Icon Monthly indicators

Crop and pasture condition
Farm water availability
On ground reporting

Climate outlook and drivers Icon Climate outlook and drivers

Regional breakdown Icon Regional breakdown

Overview
Central Tablelands LLS region
Central West LLS region
Greater Sydney LLS region
Hunter LLS region
Murray LLS region
North Coast LLS region
Northern Tablelands LLS region
North West LLS region
Riverina LLS region
South-East LLS region
Western LLS region

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The Combined Drought Indicator
Acknowledgements

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State Seasonal Update Climate outlook and drivers Global climate drivers Southern Annular Mode (SAM)
June 2024

Southern Annular Mode (SAM)

  • The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index is currently neutral (as of 22 June 2024).
  • The green line shows the forecast ensemble mean of the SAM index during July (model run was 29 June 2024).
  • Historically SAM has had a greater influence on Australian rainfall patterns in winter compared to autumn.  In winter, a positive SAM typically decreases rainfall for parts of southern Australia and increases rainfall in parts of the east.

The Southern Annular Mode (SAM) refers to the north-south shift of rain-bearing westerly winds and weather systems in the Southern Ocean compared to their usual position. This indicator can be quite volatile and generally influences weather conditions on 1-to-3-week timescales.

Southern Annular Mode Daily Index and Forecast Summary
Sourced from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology
Image for Southern Ocean (Southern Annular Mode – SAM)
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