People
Fire ants are aggressive, and have a severe, burning sting that is extremely painful. Humans are at risk of tens or hundreds of stings within seconds from swarming fire ants, if a nest is disturbed.
Each ant delivers many stings causing the sensation that the body is on fire, and the painful burning sensation can last up to an hour. Small white pustules form within 48 hours of being stung which can become itchy and infected.
If you're stung:
- seek medical attention if you a prone to allergic reactions or experience symptoms of anaphylaxis
- apply a cold compress or ice to the stings to relieve the swelling and pain
- small blisters may form on your skin
- leave the blisters intact and wash gently with soap and water.
The above guidance is general information and if in doubt, seek medical advice: Information for medical practitioners
Domestic animals
Any animals that spend time outdoors are at risk of fire ant stings, particularly if they graze or like to dig. Fire ants tend to swarm the faces of pets and grazing animals, targeting the nose, mouth and ears. Stings can cause swelling, preventing animals from eating, drinking or breathing. Fire ants can easily overwhelm animals much bigger than themselves.
The 'Great Outdoors'
Fire ant infestation restricts everyday activities such as picnics and outdoor play, and sporting activities. Backyards, parks, playgrounds, beaches and sports grounds become unusable. For example, in areas of Texas where fire ants are established, it is not possible to have a picnic or play outside due to fire ants presence. Areas infested have less social value and may not be cared for.
Natural environment
Fire ants feed on ground dwelling/nesting insects, spiders, lizards, frogs, birds, and mammals. They can displace or kill off Australian plants and animals and change environments beyond repair. They have no natural predators in Australia.
It is estimated fire ants may reduce biodiversity in up to 45% of birds, 38% of mammals, 69% of reptiles and 95% of frogs. (Source)
Agriculture
Many agricultural and horticultural crops can be affected by fire ants increasing the cost of production and supply of goods and services. Fire ant nests can also damage equipment such as irrigation systems and machinery.
Livestock can be stung by fire ants. Stinging around the eyes, mouth, and nose can cause suffocation and blindness. They can also prevent animals from reaching food and water leading to starvation and dehydration.
Fire ant presence limits the ability to export goods to states or countries free of them.
Equipment and infrastructure
Fire ants can also cause damage to sensitive electrical equipment like meter boxes, traffic lights and air conditioners by chewing through the insulation, causing malfunction and increase maintenance costs.